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Fatty liver is also called a non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) in which there is an accumulation of fat in the liver. This does not cause any inflammation or damage to any cells of the liver or lead to any complications. Today we’ll look into some of the fatty liver symptoms and ways to cure them.
Ideally, a healthy liver contains very little fat. But when there is a build-up of fat in the liver it may not cause problems in the early stages but it may lead to issues later. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting people in developed countries because of the rising number of people who are obese and suffer from other fatty liver symptoms.
Stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Most people with NAFLD have simple fatty liver. A few of them about 20 % of NAFLD have non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Causes
According to a clinical update it was observed that insulin resistance which is associated with metabolic syndrome acts as a trigger for NAFLD. The other factors which precipitate NAFLD along with insulin resistance being adverse genetic, humoral, hormonal and lifestyle factors.
There are certain risk factors which if present may lead to fatty liver (1, 2). commonly fatty liver symptoms are observed due to
NAFLD and fatty liver symptoms may be seen even in people without these risk factors and it is not associated with drinking excess alcohol.
Fatty liver symptoms
There are no fatty liver symptoms in the early stages. And generally, a person comes to know that he/she has a fatty liver when it is discovered while conducting tests for some other reasons.
As the disease progresses the following fatty liver symptoms observed are
If the condition worsens to cirrhosis other severe symptoms set in.
Diagnosis
At regular health check-up, a doctor during the physical examination may look for enlarged liver, insulin resistance symptoms such as pigmentation patches or signs of cirrhosis such as yellow tint in eyes and skin.
NAFLD may be diagnosed by doing a liver function test. It is a blood test and if the results of this test are abnormal and other conditions such as hepatitis are ruled out then an ultrasound also may be done and the diagnosis of NAFLD is confirmed.
NAFLD is diagnosed when ≥ 5% of the hepatocytes show steatosis in the absence of reasons for secondary steatosis like excessive alcohol consumption (> 20 ml/day in females and 30 ml/day in males) or chronic liver conditions associated with steatosis such as viral or metabolic or other disorders.
Other tests may be conducted to see at what stage NAFLD is and suitable treatment is given. The treatment is usually focussed on how to manage the condition.
Final word
There is no particular medicine for NAFLD but the condition can be managed by taking measures such as reducing weight if obese, managing insulin resistance with proper medication etc. The basis of treatment of NAFLD is serious lifestyle modification and treating the risk factors.
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